Automatic regulating device for explosive or internal-combustion engines.



No. 773,339. PATE'NTBD OCT. 25, 1904 I P. M. RITES.

AUTOMATIC REGULATING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE 0R INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1a, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

Non 773,339.

UNITED STATES Patented October 25, 15 0 1.

PAT NT O FICE.-

FRANCIS M. RITES, OF ITHAOA, NEW YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,339, dated October 25, 1904.

Application filed November 18, 1903. Serial No. 180,975. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANGIs M. Rrrns, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Ithaca, in the county of Tompkins and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Regulating Devices for Explosive or Internal-Combustion Engines; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in automatic regulating devices for explosive and internal-combustion engines. and resides particularly in mechanism for feeding oil to an explosive or internal-combustion engine and for regulating the quantity of the oil so fed to maintain constant speed with variations in load.

My invention consists in the novel construction of the regulating mechanism, as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims. r

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which two embodiments thereof are illustrated.

ln the said drawings, Figure 1 shows an elevation and partial section of a vertical engine fitted with my improved regulating mechanism. Fig. 2 shows a detail longitudinal section of a portion of this regulating mechanism. Fig. 3 shows an alternative construction of the regulating mechanism. Fig. 1 shows a detail longitudinal section ofa portion of this alternative mechanism.

The invention herein described is particularly adapted for engines using kerosene and the heavy petroleum oils as distinguished from those using gasolene. Engines using kerosene and heavier oils are usually provided with pumps which at each stroke force into the combustion-chamber of the engine the quantity of oil required for the next succeeding working stroke of the engine. Regulation of speed of such engines may be eifected most readily by varying the quantity of the oil so admitted. Engines using kerosene and heavier oils are usuallyof the four-cycle type.

walls of this chamber, due to successive explosions therein, being relied upon to effect ignition of the explosive charge at the beginning of the working stroke, when by the action of the piston during the compressionstroke the gas in the said combustion-chamber, which constitutes part of the clearance-space of the engine, has been compressed to such point that it will ignite upon contact with the walls of the combustion-chamber. Upon the crank-shaft?) there is a pinion 6, inter-meshing with a gear 7 ,which carries acam 8, adapted to raise the stem 9 of the air-admission valve 10, located within the said valve-chamber. The speed ratio of gears 6 and 7 is as two to one; but this ratio may be higher if it be desired that working strokes shall occur less frequently than every second revolution. Located in proximity to the base of the engine is a fuel-pump cylinder 11, connected by a pipe 12 to the combustion-space 5. The plunger 13 of this pump is arranged to movevertically. The mechanism by which pump-plunger 13 is reciprocated and the amount of oil delivered thereby at each stroke varied comprises a fly-wheel governor 14 of ordinary construction, mounted upon the fly-wheel 15 of the engine and provided with an eccentric 16, connected by an eccentric-rod 17 to a rockerarm 18. This rocker-arm has a pivot or journal 19, which carries an eccentric 20, upon which is pivoted a member 21. One end, 22, of this member 21 is located between shoulders 23 and 24: on the valve-stem 9. The other end, 25, of member 21 is located over the end of pump-plunger 13.

The proportions of the parts are so adjusted that during the working stroke of the engine, even if the governoraveight be in such power for operating the pumpplunger and position as to give the eccentric 16 maximum for regulating the stroke thereof, and this travel, the movement of arm 18 and eccentric l governor because of its high speed will be 20 not suflicient to bring the portion of member 21 into contact with the pump-plunger 13; but at the beginning of the suctionstroke the cam 8 lifts the valve-stem 9 and valve 10 and in so doing moves the member 21 about the eccentric 20, so as to depress the end 25 of said member. The vibration of said member, due to motion of the eccentric 16, therefore causes the end 25 to engage the plunger 13 of the pump and to depress such plunger, thereby causing oil to be forced by the pump into the combustioirspace 5 of the engine. The stroke of the pump-plunger is determined by the position of the eccentric 16. If that eccentric be near the center of the shaft, the stroke of the plunger 13 is small and the amount of oil injected is small. If the throw of the eccentric 16 is greater, the

' stroke of the pump-plunger 13 and therefore the amount of oil injected is greater. As governors of the type shown in the drawings are very sensitive and quick acting, the regulating mechanism herein described will adapt itself quickly to changes of load.

Fi g. 3 illustrates an alternative arrangement of the parts. In this arrangement the eccentric-rod 17 is connected to a member 26, corresponding substantially to the member 21 of Fig. 1, and is arranged to vibrate said member about an eccentric 27, corresponding substantially .to eccentric 20 of Fig. 1. This member 26 has an arm 28 over the pumpplunger 13 and arranged to engage said plunger. The eccentric 27 has an arm 29 arranged to be actuated by abutments on the valvestem 9, by which said eccentric is vibrated.

In United States Letters Patent No. M1, 97 6, grant-ed to me October 20, 1903, 1 have illustrated, described, and claimed a valve-gear forexplosiveand internal-00ml ustion engines comprising two co perating valve-actuating devices, one a shifting eccentric driven at the speed of the engine, the other driven at less speed. In United States Letters Patent No. 7 11,1661 granted to me October 13, 1903, I have illustrated, described, and claimed a valve-gear for explosive or internal-comlmstion engines embodying the invention of my said Patent No. M1,9T6 and comprising an arm driven from the governor-eccentric and driving a valve and a movable support for said arm driven by the reducing-gearing. The mechanism for operating the fuel-pump herein illustrated and described embody the principle involved in the valve-gears of the said patents as applied to the operation of a fuel-pump.

It will be noted that in both forms of this fuel-pmnp-operating mechanism the eccentric of the governor, being mounted on the crankshaft, revolves at a relatively high speed, so that a relatively small governor has su tiicient very quick acting in varying the stroke of the pump-plunger to correspond with changes in load. Mounting the arm which operates the pump-plunger upon a movable support, said arm and its support being driven one by the reducinggearing, the other by the gov ernor, causes the pump to be operated only during the suction-strokes and not during each stroke of the engine, as would be the case were the connection of the governor to the pump-plunger a direct connection.

It is obvious that my invention is susceptible of many variations and modifications, and I do not limit myself to the precise details of construction and arrangement herein illustrated and described; neither do 1 limit myself to details of construction of the 'iarticular engine herein illustrated, said engine being merely one of many Well-known types of engine to which my invention is applicable, the invention being in no wiselimited to use with the particular form and construction of engine shown in the drawings.

\Vhat 1 claim is 1. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination with a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, and a fuehpump, of re ducing-gears, a governor driven by said crankshaft, and means for operating said fuel-pump comprising two members, one an arm adapted to actuate the pump, but normally disengaged tllGlOflOIll, the other a movable support for said arm, and means for driving one of said members from the reducing-gearing and the other from said governor.

2. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination with a crank-sl'iaft, an engine-cylinder, and a fuel-pump, of red ucing-gears, a governor dri ven by said crankshaft, and means for operating said fuel-pump comprising two members, one an arm adapt ed to actuate the pump, but normally disen gaged therefrom, the other a movable support for said arm, and means for driving one of said members intermittently from the re- (lacing-gearing and for driving the other of said members from said governor.

3. in an explosive or internal-coi'nbustion engine, the combination with a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, a valve for said cylinder having an operating valve-rod, and a fuelpump, of reducing-gears, a governor driven by said crank-shaft, and means for operating said fuel-pump comprising two members, one an arm adapted to actuate the pump, but normally disengaged therefrom, the other a movable support for said arm, and means for driving one of said members from the valve-rod, and the other from said governor, said valverod arranged to be driven from the reducinggearing.

1. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination with a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, and a fuel-pump having a plunger, of reducing-gears, a governor driven by said crank-shaft, and means for operating said pump-plunger comprising tWo members, one an arm located in proximity to said plunger, but normally disengaged therefrom, the other a movable support for said arm adapted to move the arm into engagement With the plunger, and means for driving one of said members from the reducing-gearing and the other from said governor.

5. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination with a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, a valve therefor having an operating valve-rod, and a fuel-pump, of reducing-gears, a cam driven thereby for operating said valve-rod, a govern r driven by said crank-shaft, and means for operatingsaid fuel-pump comprising two members, one an arm adapted to actuate the pump, but normally disengaged therefrom, the other amovable support for said arm, and means for driving one of said members from the valverod and the other from said governor.

6. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination With a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, a valve therefor having an operating valve-rod, and afuel-pump having aplunger, of reducing-gears, acam driven thereby for operating said valve-rod, a governor driven by said crank-shaft, and means for operating said fuel-pump comprising two members, one an arm located in proximity to, but normally disengaged from, the pumpplunger, the othera movable support for said arm, and means for driving one of said members from the valve-rod, and the other from said governor.

7. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination With a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, and a fuel-pump, of reducing-gears, a shifting-eccentric governor driven by said crank-shaft, and means for operating said fuel-pump comprising tWo members, one an arm adapted to actuate the pump, but normally disengaged therefrom, the other an eccentric movably mounted and constituting a movable support for said arm, and means for driving one of said members from the reducing-gearing, and the other from said governor-eccentric.

8. In an explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination With a crank-shaft,

an engine-cylinder, and a fuel-pump, of reducing-gears, a shifting-eccentric governor driven by said crankshaft, an arm adapted to actuate the pump, but normally disengaged therefrom, an eccentric constituting a movable support for said arm, means connecting said eccentric and the governor eccentric adapted to oscillate said supporting-eccentric, and means deriving its motion from the re ducing-gearing for oscillating said arm about its eccentric.

9. Inan explosive or internal-combustion engine, the combination With a crank-shaft, an engine-cylinder, a valve for said cylinder having an operating valve-rod, and a fuelpump, of reducing-gears, a shifting-eccentric governor driven by said crank-shaft, an arm adapted to actuate the pump, but normally disengaged therefrom, an eccentric movably mounted constituting a support for said arm, means connecting said supporting-eccentric to the governor-eccentric for oscillating the former, and a cam driven by the reducinggearing for operating said valve-rod, said valve-rod connected to said arm and arranged to oscillate the same about its eccentric.

10. In an explosion or internal-combustion engine, the combination With an eccentric driven at the speed of the engine, an eccentric-fulcrum and means operated by the eccentric for vibrating said eccentric-fulcrum, of a reciprocating member mounted upon said eccentric-fulcrum, an actuating device driven at less than the speed of the engine, and means connecting said actuating device and reciprocating member.

11. In an explosion or internal-combustion engine, the combination With a speed-governor comprising a shifting-eccentric driven atthe speed of the engine, an eccentric-ful crum and means operated by the eccentric for vibrating said eccentric-fulcrum, of a reciprocating member mounted upon said eccentricfulcrum, an actuating device driven at less than the speed of the engine, and means connecting said actuating device and reciprocating member. a

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

FRANCIS M. RITES.

Witnesses:

H. M. MARBLE, C. F. GARRINe'roN. 

